II) Unequivocal baraah, barrat al-haqiqah; or barrat ahl al-waid;68 the latter meaning ibaraah from the people under threat, (ahl al-waid), whom the Quran declares to be destined for Hell. The believers must dissociate themselves from the people under threat, in the belief and knowledge that they are among the denizons of Hell.69 The following are the people under threat:

1) Haman, the supporter of Pharaoh, for God says, "Therefore We seized him and his hosts, and cast them into the sea."70 And, ". and there encompassed the folk of Pharaoh the evil chastisement, the Fire to which they shall be exposed morning and evening ...... "71

2) Qarun, about whom God says, "so We made earth to swallow him and his dwelling and there was no host to help him, apart from God, and he was helpless."72

3) Pharaoh, of whom God says, "Go to Pharaoh; he has waxed insolent."73

4) Al-Numrudh, mentioned in the following verses of the Quran, " ... who disputed with Abraham, concerning his Lord, that God had given him the kingship? When Abraham said 'My Lord is He who gives life and make to die, he said, "I give life and make to die.' Said Abraham, 'God brings the sun from the east; so bring thou it from the west.' The believer was confounded. God guides not the people of the evildoers."74

5) Noah's and Lot's wives; for God says, "God has struck similitude for the unbelievers - the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot; for they were under two of Our righteous servants, but they betrayed them, so they availed them nothing whatsoever against God; so it was said, 'Enter you two the Fire with those who enter.'75

These Qura'nic personalities were the people under threat distinguished by Amr b. Jumai in Aqidat al-tawhid;76 more were added by Shaikh Muhammad b. Yusuf Atfaiyish. 77

1) Baraah from every individual whose misdeeds are known to the believers; these fall into two categories:

a) Those who commit major sins (kabair). A major sin is what incurs (hadd) punishment in this World, and chastisement (adhab) in the World to Come. Stealing, committing adultery, drinking wine, deserting in the face of the enemy, are some of the major sins. 78

b) Baraah from those who persistently commit minor sins; e.g. prevarication of a harmless nature, lustful eyeing of foreign women, taking away something from a friend without his permission, etc.79 Maghribi Ibadhis held that minor sins are not distinguished, while only certain major sins are specified in the Qura'n and Traditions. So believers must be wary of every sin in order to avoid